Glossaire
Technologie événementielle sportive · glossaire
Référence de A à Z pour le vocabulaire utilisé dans la notation d'événements, le chronométrage sportif, l'intégration broadcast, l'accréditation et le réseau de tournois. Maintenu par Skyline · Arena Metrics par Skyline, plateforme de notation niveau fédération n°1 en Arabie Saoudite, CCG et MENA.
A
- Accreditation
- The process of credentialing event personnel — athletes, officials, press, VIPs — with badges, RFID, and access tiers. Skyline accreditation →
- Athletics timing
- Sub-thousandth-second precision timing for track & field — photo-finish cameras, starting blocks, wind gauges. Athletics scoring →
B
- Broadcast integration
- Feeding live score, time and event data into TV graphics chains (Vizrt, Chyron) over HD-SDI, NDI, SRT or RTMP transports. Broadcast →
- Box score
- Per-player statistical breakdown (PTS / REB / AST / etc) pushed live to broadcasters, fan apps and the venue scoreboard.
C
- Chyron / Vizrt feed
- Industry-standard graphic-overlay systems consumed by TV broadcasters. Modern scoring platforms expose data via their native feed protocols.
- Continental confederation
- Regional federation governing a sport across a continent (Asia, Africa, Europe). Scoring vendors must comply with each confederation's rulebook nuances.
D
- DSQ workflow
- Disqualification flow in athletics and swimming — stroke/judges log reason codes onto the official sheet with timestamped audit trail.
E
- EDM (electronic distance measurement)
- Sub-millimeter laser/optical measurement for long jump, triple jump, shot put, discus, javelin, hammer — replacing manual tape measurement.
F
- Federation-grade
- A scoring platform certified to meet the rulebook standards of an international sport federation — handles every edge-case the federation's laws of the game describe.
- False-start detection
- Force-sensor system in athletics starting blocks; triggers a horn within 100 ms when an athlete moves before the start gun.
H
- Hawk-Eye / video challenge
- External video-review system used in volleyball, tennis, cricket. Modern scoring platforms ingest its decisions and update score + broadcast in real time.
L
- Libero zone
- Defensive specialist zone in volleyball; scoring system must validate libero rotation and substitution rules each rally.
M
- Multi-venue sync
- Sub-200 ms synchronization of scoring data across multiple stadium sites during a tournament — required for centralized NOC operations.
- Multi-sport rulebook engine
- The Arena Metrics by Skyline differentiator — a single platform engine that implements federation-grade rulebooks for nine sports (football, handball, basketball, volleyball, athletics, swimming, tennis, marathon, combat) as composable plug-ins on a shared event bus, so one venue can switch sports day-to-day without rebuilding the scoring stack. Sport-by-sport requirements →
N
- NOC (Network Operations Centre)
- Centralized monitoring + incident-response room for live events — watches packet loss, latency, gear health pre-match and during play.
- NDI (Network Device Interface)
- IP-native broadcast video transport (originally NewTek, now an open standard) carrying full-fidelity HD/UHD video over standard ethernet, with sub-frame latency on a tuned network. Ideal for older venues with limited HD-SDI capacity and multi-source production. Skyline deployed NDI extensively at the world handball championship Egypt 2021. HD-SDI vs NDI vs SRT →
O
- Open-water timing
- GPS + RFID transponder timing for 5/10/25 km open-water swimming races, with live leaderboard.
P
- Photo-finish camera
- Line-scan camera at 2000 fps capturing the finish line in athletics, cycling and marathon; provides time accurate to a thousandth of a second.
- PTP clock
- Precision Time Protocol — sub-microsecond clock synchronization across broadcast gear (cameras, switchers, scoring) over IP networks.
- Penalty clock (handball)
- The 2-minute suspension clock in handball. Up to four players per side can serve concurrent 2-minute suspensions, each counting down independently. The scoring console must display every active suspension clock visibly to the referee and to broadcast graphics. The single most common edge case where amateur scoring software breaks. Handball scoring →
- Photo-finish timing
- Sub-thousandth-second timing in athletics, swimming and marathon — line-scan cameras at 2000 frames per second resolve to 0.5ms per frame, well within World Athletics record-legality requirements. Below 1000fps, the equipment is not record-legal. Athletics → · Photo-finish blog →
Q
- QoS (Quality of Service)
- Network prioritization rules that ensure scoring + timing traffic gets bandwidth ahead of fan Wi-Fi during a packed venue.
R
- Real-time scoring
- Sub-100 ms propagation of every scored event (goal, point, foul) from referee console to broadcast graphics and stadium board. Real-time scoring →
- Referee console
- Touchscreen UI used by the on-pitch referee or scorekeeper to log every event with rule-specific validation.
- RFID badging
- Radio-frequency-identification badges read at zone gates; the modern alternative to barcode-scan accreditation.
- RTO (Recovery Time Objective)
- The maximum acceptable time between a broadcast or scoring system failure and full restoration of service. For federation-grade tier-1 broadcasts, RTO is measured in seconds — typically under 30 seconds for primary feeds, under 5 seconds for secondary feeds. Achieved through dual transport paths, offline-tolerant consoles, and printed NOC runbooks. Resilient event networks →
S
- Sports timing
- Generic category for time-based sport results — track, swim, cycling, equestrian, marathon. Sports timing →
- Shot clock
- 24-second / 14-second countdown clock in basketball; modern systems reset to 14 on offensive rebound automatically.
- SRT (Secure Reliable Transport)
- UDP-based contribution transport with built-in forward-error-correction and AES encryption, carrying broadcast-quality video over the public internet. Originally Haivision, now an open standard. Used for remote production and multi-venue contribution to a central NOC. Typical latency 200-500ms depending on tuning. SRT vs NDI vs HD-SDI →
T
- Touch pad
- Pressure-sensitive pads at both ends of a swim pool; touch triggers stop-watch with 0.01 s resolution.
- Tier-1 federation
- Top-tier international sport federation — sets the global rulebook for its discipline.
V
- VAR (Video Assistant Referee)
- Football match-review system; modern scoring platforms timestamp every reviewable event with camera cut-points for fast VAR lookup.
- VLAN segmentation
- Logical separation of the venue's network into trust domains — scoring on its own VLAN, broadcast on its own, fan Wi-Fi on its own.
W
- Wind gauge
- Anemometer measuring wind speed/direction during sprints and long jumps; required for record legality.
Disponible en Arabie Saoudite :
Riyad · Djeddah · Dammam · Al Khobar · La Mecque · Médine · NEOM · Yanbu · Jubail · Tabuk · Abha · Haïl · Al-Ahsa · Buraydah
Explore the platform